ADAS Basics and Calibration

How driver-assistance systems sense the road and why calibration matters.

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Safety notice

ADAS calibration requires the manufacturer procedure, targets and conditions. Incorrect calibration can make safety systems unreliable.

What you will learn

Describe ADAS sensors
Explain why calibration is required
Recognise ADAS faults

Advanced driver assistance systems use cameras, radar and sometimes lidar to perceive the road, other vehicles and pedestrians, supporting functions such as lane keeping, adaptive cruise and automatic emergency braking.

Because these functions rely on precise sensor aiming, the mounting angle and position are critical. Windscreen replacement, wheel alignment, suspension work or a bumper repair can all move a sensor, so calibration with the correct targets and conditions is required after many repairs.

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Key points

Different sensors, different strengths.
A few millimetres of misalignment matters.
Calibrate after windscreen, alignment or body work.

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Key points

Cameras, radar and lidar each have strengths
Mounting angle is critical
Calibration is required after many repairs

All values shown are training examples. Real thresholds depend on the manufacturer, engine, temperature and system — always confirm with the vehicle service documentation.